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Introduction to PEARL Standard 1100, Revision 5
Inspection, Testing and Reconditioning of
Low Voltage Disconnect Switch Reconditioning
I. Introduction
This section refers to a wide variety of industrial and commercial-duty low voltage disconnect switches, including: load break or non-load break; switchboard, panelboard or wall mount; fused or non-fused disconnects; and electrically closed, electrically opened, both or neither.
Low voltage disconnect switches interrupt or open an electrical circuit, isolating the down stream circuit for purposes of inspection and maintenance. Low voltage disconnect switches are often used as main disconnecting devices in switchboards and even more frequently used as feeder disconnects. Low voltage disconnect switches can serve as enclosures for over current protection when they contain fuses.
Disconnect switches can also be a part of a ground fault protection scheme when equipped with a shunt trip or a complete ground fault interrupter system that includes: a shunt-trippable disconnect switch, ground fault monitor, sensor, and relay.
Individual standards in this section include:
1110 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manually Operated Air Non-Fusible
1114 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manually Operated Air Fusible
1130 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manual Trip Power Non-Fusible
1134 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manual Trip Power Fusible
1140 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Electric Trip Power Non-Fusible
1144 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Electric Trip Power Fusible
1150 Low Voltage Safety Switches Single Throw Non-Fusible – PROPOSED*
1154 Low Voltage Safety Switches Single Throw Fusible – PROPOSED*
1170 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Panelboard Non-Fusible
1174 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Panelboard Fusible
1180 Low Voltage Safety Switches Double Throw Non-Fusible – PROPOSED*
1184 Low Voltage Safety Switches Double Throw Fusible – PROPOSED*
II. Components
Part and assemblies to be reconditioned under section 1100 standards include but are not limited to:
Frame or Enclosure
Insulating system
Current carrying components
Contact systems
Arc extinguishers
Operating mechanism
Interlocks
Auxiliary or pilot devices
III. Testing and Inspection
The PEARL Section 1100 Low Voltage Disconnect Switches standards begin with the definition of the term “Reconditioning” as “the process of returning electrical equipment to safe and reliable operating condition based upon the design of the original manufacturer at the time of manufacturing.” This is followed by reference tables used to calculate test results and tolerances and the necessary test equipment required by the standard. The standard continues with a “Recondition Evaluation,” which is a detailed inspection of all parts of the low voltage disconnect switches, including but not limited to the components listed above.
The following test equipment is required to perform the testing requirements for the Low Voltage Disconnect Switches reconditioning standards:
Insulation Resistance Test Set (Megohmeter) 1000 Vdc minimum
One of the following pieces of test equipment is required to perform the conduct resistance testing requirements of this reconditioning standard:
- Digital Low Resistance Ohmmeter (DLRO - 10 amp unit is sufficient.)
- DC Current Source and a Millivoltmeter
The second part of the Section 1100 standards tell the reconditioning technician to test the disconnect switch for insulation resistance using a 1000Vdc or greater Megohmeter to identify weaknesses in insulation between current carrying and non-current carrying parts of the switch. Insulation isolates the enclosure or frame of the disconnect switch from the current carrying areas thus protecting users and bystanders. It also isolates the phases of the disconnect switch from each other protecting against phase-to-phase faults. Testing continues with a DLRO (digital low resistance ohmmeter) or a current source and millivoltmeter to test for resistance along the current carrying path within the disconnect switch, including bus connections and bus or contact pivot points. This test reduces the likelihood of heat build up anywhere along the current carrying path.
IV. Reconditioning
After “Reconditioning Evaluation”, Section 1100 standards continue with a “Reconditioning Section” that explains how to clean, polish, deburr, paint, lubricate, adjust or torque individual parts of the disconnect switch. The reconditioning steps are listed in a specific order to help the technician disassemble each subassembly in a logical order. After reconditioning, subassemblies can be reinstalled in the now cleaned and painted enclosure or frame.
Assembly of the reconditioned components and subassemblies is followed by final inspection and testing. As with all testing, inspection, and reconditioning operations, final inspection and test results are recorded onto the Evaluation and Test forms included with the standard. If a PEARL certified technician follows the reconditioning standard, the low voltage disconnect switches is eligible for a Blue PEARL Reconditioned Quality Seal.
Links to the full reconditioning standards for low voltage disconnect switches:
Link to the full Standard Number 1110
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manually Operated Air Non-Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1114
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manually Operated Air Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1130
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manual Trip Power Non-Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1134
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Manual Trip Power Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1140
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Electric Trip Power Non-Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1144
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Electric Trip Power Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1150
Low Voltage Safety Switches Single Throw Non-Fusible – PROPOSED*
Link to the full Standard Number 1154
Low Voltage Safety Switches Single Throw Fusible – PROPOSED*
Link to the full Standard Number 1170
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Panelboard Non-Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1174
Low Voltage Disconnect Switches Panelboard Fusible
Link to the full Standard Number 1180
Low Voltage Safety Switches Double Throw Non-Fusible – PROPOSED*
Link to the full Standard Number 1184
Low Voltage Safety Switches Double Throw Fusible – PROPOSED*
Link to view and/or download PEARL's 137 reconditioning standards for electrical equipment.
* A proposed standard is one which as been created and offered to technical committee participants for vetting. A proposed standard may go through any number of drafts, revisions and changes before being accepted. All proposed PEARL Standards are only in their first draft form currently and are NOT yet recommended for use in the field.
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